We must now initialize the podman machine:
podman machine init
podman machine start
-Let’s try to pull an image*:
+Let’s try to pull an image:
$ podman pull alpine
Trying to pull docker.io/library/alpine:latest...
Getting image source signatures
@@ -177,7 +177,9 @@ Copying config sha256:14119a10abf4669e8cdbdff324a9f9605d99697215a0d21c360fe8dfa8
Writing manifest to image destination
Storing signatures
14119a10abf4669e8cdbdff324a9f9605d99697215a0d21c360fe8dfa8471bab
-*Note: If you’re having an issue with pulling images, you may need to remove ~/.docker. Rather than removing it entirely, you can simply rename it: mv ~/.docker ~/.docker-backup. (~/.docker/config.json can cause issues with podman.)
+If you’re having an issue with pulling images, you may need to remove
+~/.docker/config.jsonor remove the set of auths in the configuration as mentioned here.
and then exec into the container:
$ podman run --rm -ti alpine
Error: error preparing container 99ace1ef8a78118e178372d91fd182e8166c399fbebe0f676af59fbf32ce205b for attach: error configuring network namespace for container 99ace1ef8a78118e178372d91fd182e8166c399fbebe0f676af59fbf32ce205b: error adding pod unruffled_bohr_unruffled_bohr to CNI network "podman": unexpected end of JSON input
diff --git a/page/search/index.json b/page/search/index.json
index 356d0bad..7d61ef47 100644
--- a/page/search/index.json
+++ b/page/search/index.json
@@ -1 +1 @@
-[{"content":"I\u0026rsquo;m a software engineer with a passion for open-source, infrastructure, tooling and security.\n","href":"/about/","title":"About"},{"content":"","href":"/tags/containers/","title":"containers"},{"content":"","href":"/","title":"davegallant"},{"content":"","href":"/tags/docker/","title":"docker"},{"content":"","href":"/tags/podman/","title":"podman"},{"content":"","href":"/post/","title":"Posts"},{"content":"There are a number of reasons why you might want to replace docker, especially on macOS. One of the more recent controversies with docker has been related to this feature:\n...ignoring Docker updates is a paid feature now?? pic.twitter.com/ZxKW3b9LQM\n\u0026mdash; Brendan Dolan-Gavitt (@moyix) May 1, 2021 Docker has been one of the larger influencers in the container world, helping to standardize the (OCI Image Format Specification). By easily allowing the necessary dependencies to live alongside the application code, the \u0026ldquo;works on my machine\u0026rdquo; problem is less of a problem.\nFor many developers, containers have become synonymous with terms like docker, and the Dockerfile being a file that contains the instructions on how to build an image. Docker has certainly made it very convenient to build and run containers, but it is not the only solution for doing so.\nWhat are containers? A container is a standard unit of software that packages up all application dependencies within it. Multiple containers can be run on a host machine all sharing the same kernel as the host. In Linux, namespaces help provide an isolated view of the system: including networking, PIDs, UIDs, and mounts. There is an in-depth video that discusses what containers are made from, and near the end there is a demonstration about how to build your own containers on the command line.\nBenefits of podman One of the most interesting features of podman is that it is daemonless. There isn\u0026rsquo;t a process running on your system managing your containers. In contrast, the docker client is reliant upon the docker daemon (often running as root) to be able to build and run containers.\nPodman is rootless by default. It is now possible to run the docker daemon rootless as well, but it\u0026rsquo;s still not the default behaviour.\nI\u0026rsquo;ve also observed that so far my 2019 16\u0026quot; Macbook Pro has not yet sounded like a jet engine.\nInstalling podman Installing podman on macOS is more involved than installing on Linux, because the podman-machine must run Linux inside a virtual machine. Nevertheless, let\u0026rsquo;s move forward by installing podman with brew (read this if you\u0026rsquo;re installing podman on Linux):\nbrew install podman We must now initialize the podman machine:\npodman machine init podman machine start Let\u0026rsquo;s try to pull an image*:\n$ podman pull alpine Trying to pull docker.io/library/alpine:latest... Getting image source signatures Copying blob sha256:a0d0a0d46f8b52473982a3c466318f479767577551a53ffc9074c9fa7035982e Copying config sha256:14119a10abf4669e8cdbdff324a9f9605d99697215a0d21c360fe8dfa8471bab Writing manifest to image destination Storing signatures 14119a10abf4669e8cdbdff324a9f9605d99697215a0d21c360fe8dfa8471bab *Note: If you\u0026rsquo;re having an issue with pulling images, you may need to remove ~/.docker. Rather than removing it entirely, you can simply rename it: mv ~/.docker ~/.docker-backup. (~/.docker/config.json can cause issues with podman.)\nand then exec into the container:\n$ podman run --rm -ti alpine Error: error preparing container 99ace1ef8a78118e178372d91fd182e8166c399fbebe0f676af59fbf32ce205b for attach: error configuring network namespace for container 99ace1ef8a78118e178372d91fd182e8166c399fbebe0f676af59fbf32ce205b: error adding pod unruffled_bohr_unruffled_bohr to CNI network \u0026quot;podman\u0026quot;: unexpected end of JSON input What does this error mean? A bit of googling lead to this github issue.\nUntil the fix is released, a workaround is to just specify a port (even when it\u0026rsquo;s not needed):\npodman run -p 4242 --rm -ti alpine If you\u0026rsquo;re reading this from the future, there is a good chance specifying a port won\u0026rsquo;t be needed.\nAliasing docker with podman Force of habit (or other scripts) may have you calling docker. To work around this:\nalias docker=podman podman-compose You may be wondering: what about docker-compose? Well, there happens to be a drop-in replacement for it: podman-compose.\npip3 install --user podman-compose alias docker-compose=podman-compose Now let\u0026rsquo;s create a docker-compose.yml file to test:\ncat \u0026lt;\u0026lt; EOF \u0026gt;\u0026gt; docker-compose.yml version: \u0026#39;2\u0026#39; services: hello_world: image: ubuntu command: [/bin/echo, \u0026#39;Hello world\u0026#39;] EOF Now run:\n$ docker-compose up podman pod create --name=davegallant.github.io --share net 40d61dc6e95216c07d2b21cea6dcb30205bfcaf1260501fe652f05bddf7e595e 0 podman create --name=davegallant.github.io_hello_world_1 --pod=davegallant.github.io -l io.podman.compose.config-hash=123 -l io.podman.compose.project=davegallant.github.io -l io.podman.compose.version=0.0.1 -l com.docker.compose.container-number=1 -l com.docker.compose.service=hello_world --add-host hello_world:127.0.0.1 --add-host davegallant.github.io_hello_world_1:127.0.0.1 ubuntu /bin/echo Hello world Resolved \u0026quot;ubuntu\u0026quot; as an alias (/etc/containers/registries.conf.d/000-shortnames.conf) Trying to pull docker.io/library/ubuntu:latest... Getting image source signatures Copying blob sha256:f3ef4ff62e0da0ef761ec1c8a578f3035bef51043e53ae1b13a20b3e03726d17 Copying blob sha256:f3ef4ff62e0da0ef761ec1c8a578f3035bef51043e53ae1b13a20b3e03726d17 Copying config sha256:597ce1600cf4ac5f449b66e75e840657bb53864434d6bd82f00b172544c32ee2 Writing manifest to image destination Storing signatures 1a68b2fed3fdf2037b7aef16d770f22929eec1d799219ce30541df7876918576 0 podman start -a davegallant.github.io_hello_world_1 Hello world This should more or less provide the same results you would come to expect with docker.\nSummary Installing podman on macOS was not seamless, but it was manageable well within 30 minutes of time. I would recommend podman to anyone who is unhappy with experiencing forced docker updates, and who wants to use a more modern technology for managing containers.\nOne caveat to mention is that there isn\u0026rsquo;t a graphical user interface for podman, but there is an open issue considering one. If you rely heavily on Docker Desktop\u0026rsquo;s UI, you may not be as interested in using podman yet.\nI had been experimenting with podman on Linux before writing this, but after listening to this podcast episode, I was inspired to give podman a try on macOS.\n","href":"/blog/2021/10/11/replacing-docker-with-podman-on-macos-and-linux/","title":"Replacing docker with podman on macOS (and Linux)"},{"content":"","href":"/tags/","title":"Tags"},{"content":"Rotating credentials is a security best practice. This morning, I read a question about automatically rotating AWS Access Keys without having to go through the hassle of navigating the AWS console. There are some existing solutions already, but I decided to write a script since it was incredibly simple. The script could be packed up as a systemd/launchd service to continually rotate access keys in the background.\nIn the longer term, migrating my local workflows to aws-vault seems like a more secure solution. This would mean that credentials (even temporary session credentials) never have to be written in plaintext to disk (i.e. where AWS suggests). Any existing applications, such as terraform, could be have their credentials passed to them from aws-vault, which retrieves them from the OS\u0026rsquo;s secure keystore. There is even a rotate command included.\n","href":"/blog/2021/09/17/automatically-rotating-aws-access-keys/","title":"Automatically Rotating AWS Access Keys"},{"content":"","href":"/tags/aws/","title":"aws"},{"content":"","href":"/tags/aws-vault/","title":"aws-vault"},{"content":"","href":"/tags/python/","title":"python"},{"content":"","href":"/tags/security/","title":"security"},{"content":"","href":"/tags/dotfiles/","title":"dotfiles"},{"content":"","href":"/tags/home-manager/","title":"home-manager"},{"content":"","href":"/tags/nix/","title":"nix"},{"content":"Over the years I have collected a number of dotfiles that I have shared across both Linux and macOS machines (~/.zshrc, ~/.config/git/config, ~/.config/tmux/tmux.conf, etc). I have tried several different ways to manage them, including bare git repos and utilities such as GNU Stow. These solutions work well enough, but I have since found what I would consider a much better solution for organizing user configuration: home-manager.\nWhat is home-manager? Before understanding home-manager, it is worth briefly discussing what nix is. nix is a package manager that originally spawned from a PhD thesis. Unlike other package managers, it uses symbolic links to keep track of the currently installed packages, keeping around the old ones in case you may want to rollback.\nFor example, I have used nix to install the package bind which includes dig. You can see that it is available on multiple platforms. The absolute path of dig can be found by running:\n❯ ls -lh $(which dig) lrwxr-xr-x 73 root 31 Dec 1969 /run/current-system/sw/bin/dig -\u0026gt; /nix/store/0r4qdyprljd3dki57jn6c6a8dh2rbg9g-bind-9.16.16-dnsutils/bin/dig Notice that there is a hash included in the file path? This is a nix store path and is computed by the nix package manager. This nix pill does a good job explaining how this hash is computed. All of the nix pills are worth a read, if you are interested in learning more about nix itself. However, using home-manager does not require extensive knowledge of nix.\nPart of the nix ecosystem includes nixpkgs. Many popular tools can be found already packaged in this repository. As you can see with these stats, there is a large number of existing packages that are being maintained by the community. Contributing a new package is easy, and anyone can do it!\nhome-manager leverages the nix package manager (and nixpkgs), as well the nix language so that you can declaratively define your system configuration. I store my nix-config in git so that I can keep track of my packages and configurations, and retain a clean and informative git commit history so that I can understand what changed and why.\nSetting up home-manager ⚠️ If you run this on your main machine, make sure you backup your configuration files first. home-manager is pretty good about not overwriting existing configuration, but it is better to have a backup! Alternatively, you could test this out on a VM or cloud instance.\n The first thing you should do is install nix:\ncurl -L https://nixos.org/nix/install | sh It\u0026rsquo;s not a good idea to curl and execute files from the internet (without verifying integrity), so you might want to download the install script first and take a peak before executing it!\nOpen up a new shell in your terminal and running nix should work. If not, run . ~/.nix-profile/etc/profile.d/nix.sh\nNow, install home-manager:\nnix-channel --add https://github.com/nix-community/home-manager/archive/master.tar.gz home-manager nix-channel --update nix-shell \u0026#39;\u0026lt;home-manager\u0026gt;\u0026#39; -A install You should see a wave of /nix/store/* paths being displayed on your screen.\nNow, to start off with a basic configuration, open up ~/.config/nixpkgs/home.nix in the editor of your choice and paste this in (you will want to change userName and homeDirectory):\n{ config, pkgs, ... }: { programs.home-manager.enable = true; home = { username = \u0026#34;dave\u0026#34;; homeDirectory = \u0026#34;/home/dave\u0026#34;; stateVersion = \u0026#34;21.11\u0026#34;; packages = with pkgs; [ bind exa fd ripgrep ]; }; programs = { git = { enable = true; aliases = { aa = \u0026#34;add -A .\u0026#34;; br = \u0026#34;branch\u0026#34;; c = \u0026#34;commit -S\u0026#34;; ca = \u0026#34;commit -S --amend\u0026#34;; cb = \u0026#34;checkout -b\u0026#34;; co = \u0026#34;checkout\u0026#34;; d = \u0026#34;diff\u0026#34;; l = \u0026#34;log --graph --pretty=format:\u0026#39;%Cred%h%Creset -%C(yellow)%d%Creset %s %Cgreen(%cr) %C(bold blue)\u0026lt;%an\u0026gt;%Creset\u0026#39; --abbrev-commit\u0026#34;; }; delta = { enable = true; options = { features = \u0026#34;line-numbers decorations\u0026#34;; whitespace-error-style = \u0026#34;22 reverse\u0026#34;; plus-style = \u0026#34;green bold ul \u0026#39;#198214\u0026#39;\u0026#34;; decorations = { commit-decoration-style = \u0026#34;bold yellow box ul\u0026#34;; file-style = \u0026#34;bold yellow ul\u0026#34;; file-decoration-style = \u0026#34;none\u0026#34;; }; }; }; extraConfig = { push = { default = \u0026#34;current\u0026#34;; }; pull = { rebase = true; }; }; }; starship = { enable = true; enableZshIntegration = true; settings = { add_newline = false; scan_timeout = 10; }; }; zsh = { enable = true; enableAutosuggestions = true; enableSyntaxHighlighting = true; history.size = 1000000; localVariables = { CASE_SENSITIVE = \u0026#34;true\u0026#34;; DISABLE_UNTRACKED_FILES_DIRTY = \u0026#34;true\u0026#34;; RPROMPT = \u0026#34;\u0026#34;; # override because macOS defaults to filepath ZSH_AUTOSUGGEST_HIGHLIGHT_STYLE = \u0026#34;fg=#838383,underline\u0026#34;; ZSH_DISABLE_COMPFIX = \u0026#34;true\u0026#34;; }; initExtra = \u0026#39;\u0026#39; export PAGER=less \u0026#39;\u0026#39;; shellAliases = { \u0026#34;..\u0026#34; = \u0026#34;cd ..\u0026#34;; grep = \u0026#34;rg --smart-case\u0026#34;; ls = \u0026#34;exa -la --git\u0026#34;; }; \u0026#34;oh-my-zsh\u0026#34; = { enable = true; plugins = [ \u0026#34;gitfast\u0026#34; \u0026#34;last-working-dir\u0026#34; ]; }; }; }; } Save the file and run:\nhome-manager switch You should see another wave of /nix/store/* paths. The new configuration should now be active.\nIf you run zsh, you should see that you have starship and access to several other utils such as rg, fd, and exa.\nThis basic configuration above is also defining your ~/.config/git/config and .zshrc. If you already have either of these files, home-manager will complain about them already existing.\nIf you run cat ~/.zshrc, you will see the way these configuration files are generated.\nYou can extend this configuration for programs such as (neo)vim, emacs, alacritty, ssh, etc. To see other programs, take a look at home-manager/modules/programs.\nGateway To Nix In ways, home-manager can be seen as a gateway to the nix ecosystem. If you have enjoyed the way you can declare user configuration with home-manager, you may be interested in expanding your configuration to include other system dependencies and configuration. For example, in Linux you can define your entire system\u0026rsquo;s configuration (including the kernel, kernel modules, networking, filesystems, etc) in nix. For macOS, there is nix-darwin that includes nix modules for configuring launchd, dock, and other preferences and services. You may also want to check out Nix Flakes: a more recent feature that allows you declare dependencies, and have them automatically pinned and hashed in flake.lock, similar to that of many modern package managers.\nWrapping up The title of this post is slightly misleading, since it\u0026rsquo;s possible to retain some of your dotfiles and have them intermingle with home-manager by including them alongside nix. The idea of defining user configuration using nix can provide a clean way to maintain your configuration, and allow it to be portable across platforms. Is it worth the effort to migrate away from shell scripts and dotfiles? I\u0026rsquo;d say so.\n","href":"/blog/2021/09/08/why-i-threw-out-my-dotfiles/","title":"Why I Threw Out My Dotfiles"},{"content":"","href":"/tags/adguard/","title":"adguard"},{"content":"","href":"/tags/grafana/","title":"grafana"},{"content":"","href":"/tags/homelab/","title":"homelab"},{"content":"","href":"/tags/jellyfin/","title":"jellyfin"},{"content":"","href":"/tags/netdata/","title":"netdata"},{"content":"","href":"/tags/pihole/","title":"pihole"},{"content":"","href":"/tags/plex/","title":"plex"},{"content":"","href":"/tags/tailscale/","title":"tailscale"},{"content":"","href":"/tags/virtualization/","title":"virtualization"},{"content":"A homelab can be an inexpensive way to host a multitude of internal/external services and learn a lot in the process.\nDo you want host your own Media server? Ad blocker? Web server? Are you interested in learning more about Linux? Virtualization? Networking? Security? Building a homelab can be an entertaining playground to enhance your computer skills.\nOne of the best parts about building a homelab is that it doesn\u0026rsquo;t have to be a large investment in terms of hardware. One of the simplest ways to build a homelab is out of a refurbished computer. Having multiple machines/nodes provides the advantage of increased redundancy, but starting out with a single node is enough to reap many of the benefits of having a homelab.\nVirtualization Virtualizing your hardware is an organized way of dividing up your machine\u0026rsquo;s resources. This can be done with something such as a Virtual Machine or something lighter like a container using LXC or runC. Containers have much less overhead in terms of boot time and storage allocation. This Stack Overflow answer sums it up nicely.\nA hypervisor such as Proxmox can be installed in minutes on a new machine. It provides a web interface and a straight-forward way to spin up new VMs and containers. You\u0026rsquo;ll want to ensure that VT-d and VT-X are enabled in the BIOS if you decide to install a hypervisor to manage your virtualization.\nServices So what are some useful services to deploy?\n Jellyfin or Plex - basically a self-hosted Netflix that can be used to stream from multiple devices, and the best part is that you manage the content! Unlike Plex, Jellyfin is open source and can be found here. changedetection - is a self-hosted equivalent to something like visualping.io that will notify you when a webpage changes and keep track of the diffs Adguard or Pihole - can block a list of known trackers for all clients on your local network. I\u0026rsquo;ve used pihole for a long time, but have recently switched to Adguard since the UI is more modern and it has the ability to toggle on/off a pre-defined list of services, including Netflix (this is useful if you have stealthy young kids). Either of these will speed up your internet experience, simply because you won\u0026rsquo;t need to download all of the extra tracking bloat. There is a large number of services you can self-host, including your own applications that you might be developing. awesome-self-hosted provides a curated list of services that might be of interest to you.\nVPN You could certainly setup and manage your own VPN by using something like OpenVPN, but there is also something else you can try: tailscale. It is a very quick way to create fully-encrypted connections between clients. And by using its MagicDNS, it is a truly magical solution. If one of your nodes has a hostname of plex, you can simply access it by referring to its hostname (i.e ssh plex@plex). This way you can create a secure tunnel to your homelab from anywhere.\nMonitoring Monitoring can become an important aspect of your homelab after it starts to become something that is relied upon. One of the simplest ways to setup some monitoring is using netdata. It can be installed on individual containers, VMs, and also a hypervisor (such as Proxmox). All of the monitoring works out of the box by detecting disks, memory, network interfaces, etc.\nAdditionally, agents installed on different machines can all be centrally viewed in netdata, and it can alert you when some of your infrastructure is down or in a degraded state. Adding additional nodes to netdata is as simple as a 1-line shell command.\nGrafana is another open source analytics and monitoring solution. If you are looking for ideas, check out Wikimedia\u0026rsquo;s public Grafana.\nIn Summary Building out a homelab can be a rewarding experience and it doesn\u0026rsquo;t require buying a rack full of expensive servers to get a significant amount of utility. There are many services that you can run that require very minimal setup, making it possible to get a server up and running in a short period of time, with monitoring, and that can be securely connected to remotely.\n","href":"/blog/2021/09/06/what-to-do-with-a-homelab/","title":"What To Do With A Homelab"},{"content":"AppGate SDP provides a Zero Trust network. This post describes how to get AppGate SDP 4.3.2 working on Arch Linux.\nDepending on the AppGate SDP Server that is running, you may require a client that is more recent than the latest package on AUR. As of right now, the latest AUR is 4.2.2-1.\nThese steps highlight how to get it working with Python3.8 by making a 1 line modification to AppGate source code.\nPackaging We already know the community package is currently out of date, so let\u0026rsquo;s clone it:\ngit clone https://aur.archlinux.org/appgate-sdp.git cd appgate-sdp You\u0026rsquo;ll likely notice that the version is not what we want, so let\u0026rsquo;s modify the PKGBUILD to the following:\n# Maintainer: Pawel Mosakowski \u0026lt;pawel at mosakowski dot net\u0026gt; pkgname=appgate-sdp conflicts=(\u0026#39;appgate-sdp-headless\u0026#39;) pkgver=4.3.2 _download_pkgver=4.3 pkgrel=1 epoch= pkgdesc=\u0026#34;Software Defined Perimeter - GUI client\u0026#34; arch=(\u0026#39;x86_64\u0026#39;) url=\u0026#34;https://www.cyxtera.com/essential-defense/appgate-sdp/support\u0026#34; license=(\u0026#39;custom\u0026#39;) # dependecies calculated by namcap depends=(\u0026#39;gconf\u0026#39; \u0026#39;libsecret\u0026#39; \u0026#39;gtk3\u0026#39; \u0026#39;python\u0026#39; \u0026#39;nss\u0026#39; \u0026#39;libxss\u0026#39; \u0026#39;nodejs\u0026#39; \u0026#39;dnsmasq\u0026#39;) source=(\u0026#34;https://sdpdownloads.cyxtera.com/AppGate-SDP-${_download_pkgver}/clients/${pkgname}_${pkgver}_amd64.deb\u0026#34; \u0026#34;appgatedriver.service\u0026#34;) options=(staticlibs) prepare() { tar -xf data.tar.xz } package() { cp -dpr \u0026#34;${srcdir}\u0026#34;/{etc,lib,opt,usr} \u0026#34;${pkgdir}\u0026#34; mv -v \u0026#34;$pkgdir/lib/systemd/system\u0026#34; \u0026#34;$pkgdir/usr/lib/systemd/\u0026#34; rm -vrf \u0026#34;$pkgdir/lib\u0026#34; cp -v \u0026#34;$srcdir/appgatedriver.service\u0026#34; \u0026#34;$pkgdir/usr/lib/systemd/system/appgatedriver.service\u0026#34; mkdir -vp \u0026#34;$pkgdir/usr/share/licenses/appgate-sdp\u0026#34; cp -v \u0026#34;$pkgdir/usr/share/doc/appgate/copyright\u0026#34; \u0026#34;$pkgdir/usr/share/licenses/appgate-sdp\u0026#34; cp -v \u0026#34;$pkgdir/usr/share/doc/appgate/LICENSE.github\u0026#34; \u0026#34;$pkgdir/usr/share/licenses/appgate-sdp\u0026#34; cp -v \u0026#34;$pkgdir/usr/share/doc/appgate/LICENSES.chromium.html.bz2\u0026#34; \u0026#34;$pkgdir/usr/share/licenses/appgate-sdp\u0026#34; } md5sums=(\u0026#39;17101aac7623c06d5fbb95f50cf3dbdc\u0026#39; \u0026#39;002644116e20b2d79fdb36b7677ab4cf\u0026#39;) Let\u0026rsquo;s first make sure we have some dependencies. If you do not have yay, check it out.\nyay -S dnsmasq gconf Now, let\u0026rsquo;s install it:\nmakepkg -si Running the client Ok, let\u0026rsquo;s run the client by executing appgate.\nIt complains about not being able to connect.\nEasy fix:\nsudo systemctl start appgatedriver.service Now we should be connected\u0026hellip; but DNS is not working?\nFixing the DNS Running resolvectl should display that something is not right.\nWhy is the DNS not being set by appgate?\n$ head -3 /opt/appgate/linux/set_dns #!/usr/bin/env python3 \u0026#39;\u0026#39;\u0026#39; This is used to set and unset the DNS. It seems like python3 is required for the DNS setting to happen. Let\u0026rsquo;s try to run it.\n$ sudo /opt/appgate/linux/set_dns /opt/appgate/linux/set_dns:88: SyntaxWarning: \u0026#34;is\u0026#34; with a literal. Did you mean \u0026#34;==\u0026#34;? servers = [( socket.AF_INET if x.version is 4 else socket.AF_INET6, map(int, x.packed)) for x in servers] Traceback (most recent call last): File \u0026#34;/opt/appgate/linux/set_dns\u0026#34;, line 30, in \u0026lt;module\u0026gt; import dbus ModuleNotFoundError: No module named \u0026#39;dbus\u0026#39; Ok, let\u0026rsquo;s install it:\n$ sudo python3.8 -m pip install dbus-python Will it work now? Not yet. There\u0026rsquo;s another issue:\n$ sudo /opt/appgate/linux/set_dns /opt/appgate/linux/set_dns:88: SyntaxWarning: \u0026#34;is\u0026#34; with a literal. Did you mean \u0026#34;==\u0026#34;? servers = [( socket.AF_INET if x.version is 4 else socket.AF_INET6, map(int, x.packed)) for x in servers] module \u0026#39;platform\u0026#39; has no attribute \u0026#39;linux_distribution\u0026#39; This is a breaking change in Python3.8.\nSo what is calling platform.linux_distribution?\nLet\u0026rsquo;s search for it:\n$ sudo grep -r \u0026#39;linux_distribution\u0026#39; /opt/appgate/linux/ /opt/appgate/linux/nm.py: if platform.linux_distribution()[0] != \u0026#39;Fedora\u0026#39;: Aha! So this is in the local AppGate source code. This should be an easy fix. Let\u0026rsquo;s just replace this line with:\nif True: # Since we are not using Fedora :) Wrapping up It turns out there are breaking changes in Python3.8.\nThe docs say Deprecated since version 3.5, will be removed in version 3.8: See alternative like the distro package.\nI suppose this highlights one of the caveats of relying upon the system\u0026rsquo;s python, rather than having an isolated, dedicated environment for all dependencies.\n","href":"/blog/2020/03/16/appgate-sdp-on-arch-linux/","title":"AppGate SDP on Arch Linux"},{"content":"","href":"/tags/linux/","title":"linux"},{"content":"","href":"/tags/vpn/","title":"vpn"},{"content":"test\n","href":"/page/search/","title":""},{"content":"","href":"/authors/","title":"Authors"},{"content":"","href":"/page/","title":"Pages"}]
\ No newline at end of file
+[{"content":"I\u0026rsquo;m a software engineer with a passion for open-source, infrastructure, tooling and security.\n","href":"/about/","title":"About"},{"content":"","href":"/tags/containers/","title":"containers"},{"content":"","href":"/","title":"davegallant"},{"content":"","href":"/tags/docker/","title":"docker"},{"content":"","href":"/tags/podman/","title":"podman"},{"content":"","href":"/post/","title":"Posts"},{"content":"There are a number of reasons why you might want to replace docker, especially on macOS. One of the more recent controversies with docker has been related to this feature:\n...ignoring Docker updates is a paid feature now?? pic.twitter.com/ZxKW3b9LQM\n\u0026mdash; Brendan Dolan-Gavitt (@moyix) May 1, 2021 Docker has been one of the larger influencers in the container world, helping to standardize the (OCI Image Format Specification). By easily allowing the necessary dependencies to live alongside the application code, the \u0026ldquo;works on my machine\u0026rdquo; problem is less of a problem.\nFor many developers, containers have become synonymous with terms like docker, and the Dockerfile being a file that contains the instructions on how to build an image. Docker has certainly made it very convenient to build and run containers, but it is not the only solution for doing so.\nWhat are containers? A container is a standard unit of software that packages up all application dependencies within it. Multiple containers can be run on a host machine all sharing the same kernel as the host. In Linux, namespaces help provide an isolated view of the system: including networking, PIDs, UIDs, and mounts. There is an in-depth video that discusses what containers are made from, and near the end there is a demonstration about how to build your own containers on the command line.\nBenefits of podman One of the most interesting features of podman is that it is daemonless. There isn\u0026rsquo;t a process running on your system managing your containers. In contrast, the docker client is reliant upon the docker daemon (often running as root) to be able to build and run containers.\nPodman is rootless by default. It is now possible to run the docker daemon rootless as well, but it\u0026rsquo;s still not the default behaviour.\nI\u0026rsquo;ve also observed that so far my 2019 16\u0026quot; Macbook Pro has not yet sounded like a jet engine.\nInstalling podman Installing podman on macOS is more involved than installing on Linux, because the podman-machine must run Linux inside a virtual machine. Nevertheless, let\u0026rsquo;s move forward by installing podman with brew (read this if you\u0026rsquo;re installing podman on Linux):\nbrew install podman We must now initialize the podman machine:\npodman machine init podman machine start Let\u0026rsquo;s try to pull an image:\n$ podman pull alpine Trying to pull docker.io/library/alpine:latest... Getting image source signatures Copying blob sha256:a0d0a0d46f8b52473982a3c466318f479767577551a53ffc9074c9fa7035982e Copying config sha256:14119a10abf4669e8cdbdff324a9f9605d99697215a0d21c360fe8dfa8471bab Writing manifest to image destination Storing signatures 14119a10abf4669e8cdbdff324a9f9605d99697215a0d21c360fe8dfa8471bab If you\u0026rsquo;re having an issue with pulling images, you may need to remove ~/.docker/config.json or remove the set of auths in the configuration as mentioned here.\n and then exec into the container:\n$ podman run --rm -ti alpine Error: error preparing container 99ace1ef8a78118e178372d91fd182e8166c399fbebe0f676af59fbf32ce205b for attach: error configuring network namespace for container 99ace1ef8a78118e178372d91fd182e8166c399fbebe0f676af59fbf32ce205b: error adding pod unruffled_bohr_unruffled_bohr to CNI network \u0026quot;podman\u0026quot;: unexpected end of JSON input What does this error mean? A bit of googling lead to this github issue.\nUntil the fix is released, a workaround is to just specify a port (even when it\u0026rsquo;s not needed):\npodman run -p 4242 --rm -ti alpine If you\u0026rsquo;re reading this from the future, there is a good chance specifying a port won\u0026rsquo;t be needed.\nAliasing docker with podman Force of habit (or other scripts) may have you calling docker. To work around this:\nalias docker=podman podman-compose You may be wondering: what about docker-compose? Well, there happens to be a drop-in replacement for it: podman-compose.\npip3 install --user podman-compose alias docker-compose=podman-compose Now let\u0026rsquo;s create a docker-compose.yml file to test:\ncat \u0026lt;\u0026lt; EOF \u0026gt;\u0026gt; docker-compose.yml version: \u0026#39;2\u0026#39; services: hello_world: image: ubuntu command: [/bin/echo, \u0026#39;Hello world\u0026#39;] EOF Now run:\n$ docker-compose up podman pod create --name=davegallant.github.io --share net 40d61dc6e95216c07d2b21cea6dcb30205bfcaf1260501fe652f05bddf7e595e 0 podman create --name=davegallant.github.io_hello_world_1 --pod=davegallant.github.io -l io.podman.compose.config-hash=123 -l io.podman.compose.project=davegallant.github.io -l io.podman.compose.version=0.0.1 -l com.docker.compose.container-number=1 -l com.docker.compose.service=hello_world --add-host hello_world:127.0.0.1 --add-host davegallant.github.io_hello_world_1:127.0.0.1 ubuntu /bin/echo Hello world Resolved \u0026quot;ubuntu\u0026quot; as an alias (/etc/containers/registries.conf.d/000-shortnames.conf) Trying to pull docker.io/library/ubuntu:latest... Getting image source signatures Copying blob sha256:f3ef4ff62e0da0ef761ec1c8a578f3035bef51043e53ae1b13a20b3e03726d17 Copying blob sha256:f3ef4ff62e0da0ef761ec1c8a578f3035bef51043e53ae1b13a20b3e03726d17 Copying config sha256:597ce1600cf4ac5f449b66e75e840657bb53864434d6bd82f00b172544c32ee2 Writing manifest to image destination Storing signatures 1a68b2fed3fdf2037b7aef16d770f22929eec1d799219ce30541df7876918576 0 podman start -a davegallant.github.io_hello_world_1 Hello world This should more or less provide the same results you would come to expect with docker.\nSummary Installing podman on macOS was not seamless, but it was manageable well within 30 minutes of time. I would recommend podman to anyone who is unhappy with experiencing forced docker updates, and who wants to use a more modern technology for managing containers.\nOne caveat to mention is that there isn\u0026rsquo;t a graphical user interface for podman, but there is an open issue considering one. If you rely heavily on Docker Desktop\u0026rsquo;s UI, you may not be as interested in using podman yet.\nI had been experimenting with podman on Linux before writing this, but after listening to this podcast episode, I was inspired to give podman a try on macOS.\n","href":"/blog/2021/10/11/replacing-docker-with-podman-on-macos-and-linux/","title":"Replacing docker with podman on macOS (and Linux)"},{"content":"","href":"/tags/","title":"Tags"},{"content":"Rotating credentials is a security best practice. This morning, I read a question about automatically rotating AWS Access Keys without having to go through the hassle of navigating the AWS console. There are some existing solutions already, but I decided to write a script since it was incredibly simple. The script could be packed up as a systemd/launchd service to continually rotate access keys in the background.\nIn the longer term, migrating my local workflows to aws-vault seems like a more secure solution. This would mean that credentials (even temporary session credentials) never have to be written in plaintext to disk (i.e. where AWS suggests). Any existing applications, such as terraform, could be have their credentials passed to them from aws-vault, which retrieves them from the OS\u0026rsquo;s secure keystore. There is even a rotate command included.\n","href":"/blog/2021/09/17/automatically-rotating-aws-access-keys/","title":"Automatically Rotating AWS Access Keys"},{"content":"","href":"/tags/aws/","title":"aws"},{"content":"","href":"/tags/aws-vault/","title":"aws-vault"},{"content":"","href":"/tags/python/","title":"python"},{"content":"","href":"/tags/security/","title":"security"},{"content":"","href":"/tags/dotfiles/","title":"dotfiles"},{"content":"","href":"/tags/home-manager/","title":"home-manager"},{"content":"","href":"/tags/nix/","title":"nix"},{"content":"Over the years I have collected a number of dotfiles that I have shared across both Linux and macOS machines (~/.zshrc, ~/.config/git/config, ~/.config/tmux/tmux.conf, etc). I have tried several different ways to manage them, including bare git repos and utilities such as GNU Stow. These solutions work well enough, but I have since found what I would consider a much better solution for organizing user configuration: home-manager.\nWhat is home-manager? Before understanding home-manager, it is worth briefly discussing what nix is. nix is a package manager that originally spawned from a PhD thesis. Unlike other package managers, it uses symbolic links to keep track of the currently installed packages, keeping around the old ones in case you may want to rollback.\nFor example, I have used nix to install the package bind which includes dig. You can see that it is available on multiple platforms. The absolute path of dig can be found by running:\n❯ ls -lh $(which dig) lrwxr-xr-x 73 root 31 Dec 1969 /run/current-system/sw/bin/dig -\u0026gt; /nix/store/0r4qdyprljd3dki57jn6c6a8dh2rbg9g-bind-9.16.16-dnsutils/bin/dig Notice that there is a hash included in the file path? This is a nix store path and is computed by the nix package manager. This nix pill does a good job explaining how this hash is computed. All of the nix pills are worth a read, if you are interested in learning more about nix itself. However, using home-manager does not require extensive knowledge of nix.\nPart of the nix ecosystem includes nixpkgs. Many popular tools can be found already packaged in this repository. As you can see with these stats, there is a large number of existing packages that are being maintained by the community. Contributing a new package is easy, and anyone can do it!\nhome-manager leverages the nix package manager (and nixpkgs), as well the nix language so that you can declaratively define your system configuration. I store my nix-config in git so that I can keep track of my packages and configurations, and retain a clean and informative git commit history so that I can understand what changed and why.\nSetting up home-manager ⚠️ If you run this on your main machine, make sure you backup your configuration files first. home-manager is pretty good about not overwriting existing configuration, but it is better to have a backup! Alternatively, you could test this out on a VM or cloud instance.\n The first thing you should do is install nix:\ncurl -L https://nixos.org/nix/install | sh It\u0026rsquo;s not a good idea to curl and execute files from the internet (without verifying integrity), so you might want to download the install script first and take a peak before executing it!\nOpen up a new shell in your terminal and running nix should work. If not, run . ~/.nix-profile/etc/profile.d/nix.sh\nNow, install home-manager:\nnix-channel --add https://github.com/nix-community/home-manager/archive/master.tar.gz home-manager nix-channel --update nix-shell \u0026#39;\u0026lt;home-manager\u0026gt;\u0026#39; -A install You should see a wave of /nix/store/* paths being displayed on your screen.\nNow, to start off with a basic configuration, open up ~/.config/nixpkgs/home.nix in the editor of your choice and paste this in (you will want to change userName and homeDirectory):\n{ config, pkgs, ... }: { programs.home-manager.enable = true; home = { username = \u0026#34;dave\u0026#34;; homeDirectory = \u0026#34;/home/dave\u0026#34;; stateVersion = \u0026#34;21.11\u0026#34;; packages = with pkgs; [ bind exa fd ripgrep ]; }; programs = { git = { enable = true; aliases = { aa = \u0026#34;add -A .\u0026#34;; br = \u0026#34;branch\u0026#34;; c = \u0026#34;commit -S\u0026#34;; ca = \u0026#34;commit -S --amend\u0026#34;; cb = \u0026#34;checkout -b\u0026#34;; co = \u0026#34;checkout\u0026#34;; d = \u0026#34;diff\u0026#34;; l = \u0026#34;log --graph --pretty=format:\u0026#39;%Cred%h%Creset -%C(yellow)%d%Creset %s %Cgreen(%cr) %C(bold blue)\u0026lt;%an\u0026gt;%Creset\u0026#39; --abbrev-commit\u0026#34;; }; delta = { enable = true; options = { features = \u0026#34;line-numbers decorations\u0026#34;; whitespace-error-style = \u0026#34;22 reverse\u0026#34;; plus-style = \u0026#34;green bold ul \u0026#39;#198214\u0026#39;\u0026#34;; decorations = { commit-decoration-style = \u0026#34;bold yellow box ul\u0026#34;; file-style = \u0026#34;bold yellow ul\u0026#34;; file-decoration-style = \u0026#34;none\u0026#34;; }; }; }; extraConfig = { push = { default = \u0026#34;current\u0026#34;; }; pull = { rebase = true; }; }; }; starship = { enable = true; enableZshIntegration = true; settings = { add_newline = false; scan_timeout = 10; }; }; zsh = { enable = true; enableAutosuggestions = true; enableSyntaxHighlighting = true; history.size = 1000000; localVariables = { CASE_SENSITIVE = \u0026#34;true\u0026#34;; DISABLE_UNTRACKED_FILES_DIRTY = \u0026#34;true\u0026#34;; RPROMPT = \u0026#34;\u0026#34;; # override because macOS defaults to filepath ZSH_AUTOSUGGEST_HIGHLIGHT_STYLE = \u0026#34;fg=#838383,underline\u0026#34;; ZSH_DISABLE_COMPFIX = \u0026#34;true\u0026#34;; }; initExtra = \u0026#39;\u0026#39; export PAGER=less \u0026#39;\u0026#39;; shellAliases = { \u0026#34;..\u0026#34; = \u0026#34;cd ..\u0026#34;; grep = \u0026#34;rg --smart-case\u0026#34;; ls = \u0026#34;exa -la --git\u0026#34;; }; \u0026#34;oh-my-zsh\u0026#34; = { enable = true; plugins = [ \u0026#34;gitfast\u0026#34; \u0026#34;last-working-dir\u0026#34; ]; }; }; }; } Save the file and run:\nhome-manager switch You should see another wave of /nix/store/* paths. The new configuration should now be active.\nIf you run zsh, you should see that you have starship and access to several other utils such as rg, fd, and exa.\nThis basic configuration above is also defining your ~/.config/git/config and .zshrc. If you already have either of these files, home-manager will complain about them already existing.\nIf you run cat ~/.zshrc, you will see the way these configuration files are generated.\nYou can extend this configuration for programs such as (neo)vim, emacs, alacritty, ssh, etc. To see other programs, take a look at home-manager/modules/programs.\nGateway To Nix In ways, home-manager can be seen as a gateway to the nix ecosystem. If you have enjoyed the way you can declare user configuration with home-manager, you may be interested in expanding your configuration to include other system dependencies and configuration. For example, in Linux you can define your entire system\u0026rsquo;s configuration (including the kernel, kernel modules, networking, filesystems, etc) in nix. For macOS, there is nix-darwin that includes nix modules for configuring launchd, dock, and other preferences and services. You may also want to check out Nix Flakes: a more recent feature that allows you declare dependencies, and have them automatically pinned and hashed in flake.lock, similar to that of many modern package managers.\nWrapping up The title of this post is slightly misleading, since it\u0026rsquo;s possible to retain some of your dotfiles and have them intermingle with home-manager by including them alongside nix. The idea of defining user configuration using nix can provide a clean way to maintain your configuration, and allow it to be portable across platforms. Is it worth the effort to migrate away from shell scripts and dotfiles? I\u0026rsquo;d say so.\n","href":"/blog/2021/09/08/why-i-threw-out-my-dotfiles/","title":"Why I Threw Out My Dotfiles"},{"content":"","href":"/tags/adguard/","title":"adguard"},{"content":"","href":"/tags/grafana/","title":"grafana"},{"content":"","href":"/tags/homelab/","title":"homelab"},{"content":"","href":"/tags/jellyfin/","title":"jellyfin"},{"content":"","href":"/tags/netdata/","title":"netdata"},{"content":"","href":"/tags/pihole/","title":"pihole"},{"content":"","href":"/tags/plex/","title":"plex"},{"content":"","href":"/tags/tailscale/","title":"tailscale"},{"content":"","href":"/tags/virtualization/","title":"virtualization"},{"content":"A homelab can be an inexpensive way to host a multitude of internal/external services and learn a lot in the process.\nDo you want host your own Media server? Ad blocker? Web server? Are you interested in learning more about Linux? Virtualization? Networking? Security? Building a homelab can be an entertaining playground to enhance your computer skills.\nOne of the best parts about building a homelab is that it doesn\u0026rsquo;t have to be a large investment in terms of hardware. One of the simplest ways to build a homelab is out of a refurbished computer. Having multiple machines/nodes provides the advantage of increased redundancy, but starting out with a single node is enough to reap many of the benefits of having a homelab.\nVirtualization Virtualizing your hardware is an organized way of dividing up your machine\u0026rsquo;s resources. This can be done with something such as a Virtual Machine or something lighter like a container using LXC or runC. Containers have much less overhead in terms of boot time and storage allocation. This Stack Overflow answer sums it up nicely.\nA hypervisor such as Proxmox can be installed in minutes on a new machine. It provides a web interface and a straight-forward way to spin up new VMs and containers. You\u0026rsquo;ll want to ensure that VT-d and VT-X are enabled in the BIOS if you decide to install a hypervisor to manage your virtualization.\nServices So what are some useful services to deploy?\n Jellyfin or Plex - basically a self-hosted Netflix that can be used to stream from multiple devices, and the best part is that you manage the content! Unlike Plex, Jellyfin is open source and can be found here. changedetection - is a self-hosted equivalent to something like visualping.io that will notify you when a webpage changes and keep track of the diffs Adguard or Pihole - can block a list of known trackers for all clients on your local network. I\u0026rsquo;ve used pihole for a long time, but have recently switched to Adguard since the UI is more modern and it has the ability to toggle on/off a pre-defined list of services, including Netflix (this is useful if you have stealthy young kids). Either of these will speed up your internet experience, simply because you won\u0026rsquo;t need to download all of the extra tracking bloat. There is a large number of services you can self-host, including your own applications that you might be developing. awesome-self-hosted provides a curated list of services that might be of interest to you.\nVPN You could certainly setup and manage your own VPN by using something like OpenVPN, but there is also something else you can try: tailscale. It is a very quick way to create fully-encrypted connections between clients. And by using its MagicDNS, it is a truly magical solution. If one of your nodes has a hostname of plex, you can simply access it by referring to its hostname (i.e ssh plex@plex). This way you can create a secure tunnel to your homelab from anywhere.\nMonitoring Monitoring can become an important aspect of your homelab after it starts to become something that is relied upon. One of the simplest ways to setup some monitoring is using netdata. It can be installed on individual containers, VMs, and also a hypervisor (such as Proxmox). All of the monitoring works out of the box by detecting disks, memory, network interfaces, etc.\nAdditionally, agents installed on different machines can all be centrally viewed in netdata, and it can alert you when some of your infrastructure is down or in a degraded state. Adding additional nodes to netdata is as simple as a 1-line shell command.\nGrafana is another open source analytics and monitoring solution. If you are looking for ideas, check out Wikimedia\u0026rsquo;s public Grafana.\nIn Summary Building out a homelab can be a rewarding experience and it doesn\u0026rsquo;t require buying a rack full of expensive servers to get a significant amount of utility. There are many services that you can run that require very minimal setup, making it possible to get a server up and running in a short period of time, with monitoring, and that can be securely connected to remotely.\n","href":"/blog/2021/09/06/what-to-do-with-a-homelab/","title":"What To Do With A Homelab"},{"content":"AppGate SDP provides a Zero Trust network. This post describes how to get AppGate SDP 4.3.2 working on Arch Linux.\nDepending on the AppGate SDP Server that is running, you may require a client that is more recent than the latest package on AUR. As of right now, the latest AUR is 4.2.2-1.\nThese steps highlight how to get it working with Python3.8 by making a 1 line modification to AppGate source code.\nPackaging We already know the community package is currently out of date, so let\u0026rsquo;s clone it:\ngit clone https://aur.archlinux.org/appgate-sdp.git cd appgate-sdp You\u0026rsquo;ll likely notice that the version is not what we want, so let\u0026rsquo;s modify the PKGBUILD to the following:\n# Maintainer: Pawel Mosakowski \u0026lt;pawel at mosakowski dot net\u0026gt; pkgname=appgate-sdp conflicts=(\u0026#39;appgate-sdp-headless\u0026#39;) pkgver=4.3.2 _download_pkgver=4.3 pkgrel=1 epoch= pkgdesc=\u0026#34;Software Defined Perimeter - GUI client\u0026#34; arch=(\u0026#39;x86_64\u0026#39;) url=\u0026#34;https://www.cyxtera.com/essential-defense/appgate-sdp/support\u0026#34; license=(\u0026#39;custom\u0026#39;) # dependecies calculated by namcap depends=(\u0026#39;gconf\u0026#39; \u0026#39;libsecret\u0026#39; \u0026#39;gtk3\u0026#39; \u0026#39;python\u0026#39; \u0026#39;nss\u0026#39; \u0026#39;libxss\u0026#39; \u0026#39;nodejs\u0026#39; \u0026#39;dnsmasq\u0026#39;) source=(\u0026#34;https://sdpdownloads.cyxtera.com/AppGate-SDP-${_download_pkgver}/clients/${pkgname}_${pkgver}_amd64.deb\u0026#34; \u0026#34;appgatedriver.service\u0026#34;) options=(staticlibs) prepare() { tar -xf data.tar.xz } package() { cp -dpr \u0026#34;${srcdir}\u0026#34;/{etc,lib,opt,usr} \u0026#34;${pkgdir}\u0026#34; mv -v \u0026#34;$pkgdir/lib/systemd/system\u0026#34; \u0026#34;$pkgdir/usr/lib/systemd/\u0026#34; rm -vrf \u0026#34;$pkgdir/lib\u0026#34; cp -v \u0026#34;$srcdir/appgatedriver.service\u0026#34; \u0026#34;$pkgdir/usr/lib/systemd/system/appgatedriver.service\u0026#34; mkdir -vp \u0026#34;$pkgdir/usr/share/licenses/appgate-sdp\u0026#34; cp -v \u0026#34;$pkgdir/usr/share/doc/appgate/copyright\u0026#34; \u0026#34;$pkgdir/usr/share/licenses/appgate-sdp\u0026#34; cp -v \u0026#34;$pkgdir/usr/share/doc/appgate/LICENSE.github\u0026#34; \u0026#34;$pkgdir/usr/share/licenses/appgate-sdp\u0026#34; cp -v \u0026#34;$pkgdir/usr/share/doc/appgate/LICENSES.chromium.html.bz2\u0026#34; \u0026#34;$pkgdir/usr/share/licenses/appgate-sdp\u0026#34; } md5sums=(\u0026#39;17101aac7623c06d5fbb95f50cf3dbdc\u0026#39; \u0026#39;002644116e20b2d79fdb36b7677ab4cf\u0026#39;) Let\u0026rsquo;s first make sure we have some dependencies. If you do not have yay, check it out.\nyay -S dnsmasq gconf Now, let\u0026rsquo;s install it:\nmakepkg -si Running the client Ok, let\u0026rsquo;s run the client by executing appgate.\nIt complains about not being able to connect.\nEasy fix:\nsudo systemctl start appgatedriver.service Now we should be connected\u0026hellip; but DNS is not working?\nFixing the DNS Running resolvectl should display that something is not right.\nWhy is the DNS not being set by appgate?\n$ head -3 /opt/appgate/linux/set_dns #!/usr/bin/env python3 \u0026#39;\u0026#39;\u0026#39; This is used to set and unset the DNS. It seems like python3 is required for the DNS setting to happen. Let\u0026rsquo;s try to run it.\n$ sudo /opt/appgate/linux/set_dns /opt/appgate/linux/set_dns:88: SyntaxWarning: \u0026#34;is\u0026#34; with a literal. Did you mean \u0026#34;==\u0026#34;? servers = [( socket.AF_INET if x.version is 4 else socket.AF_INET6, map(int, x.packed)) for x in servers] Traceback (most recent call last): File \u0026#34;/opt/appgate/linux/set_dns\u0026#34;, line 30, in \u0026lt;module\u0026gt; import dbus ModuleNotFoundError: No module named \u0026#39;dbus\u0026#39; Ok, let\u0026rsquo;s install it:\n$ sudo python3.8 -m pip install dbus-python Will it work now? Not yet. There\u0026rsquo;s another issue:\n$ sudo /opt/appgate/linux/set_dns /opt/appgate/linux/set_dns:88: SyntaxWarning: \u0026#34;is\u0026#34; with a literal. Did you mean \u0026#34;==\u0026#34;? servers = [( socket.AF_INET if x.version is 4 else socket.AF_INET6, map(int, x.packed)) for x in servers] module \u0026#39;platform\u0026#39; has no attribute \u0026#39;linux_distribution\u0026#39; This is a breaking change in Python3.8.\nSo what is calling platform.linux_distribution?\nLet\u0026rsquo;s search for it:\n$ sudo grep -r \u0026#39;linux_distribution\u0026#39; /opt/appgate/linux/ /opt/appgate/linux/nm.py: if platform.linux_distribution()[0] != \u0026#39;Fedora\u0026#39;: Aha! So this is in the local AppGate source code. This should be an easy fix. Let\u0026rsquo;s just replace this line with:\nif True: # Since we are not using Fedora :) Wrapping up It turns out there are breaking changes in Python3.8.\nThe docs say Deprecated since version 3.5, will be removed in version 3.8: See alternative like the distro package.\nI suppose this highlights one of the caveats of relying upon the system\u0026rsquo;s python, rather than having an isolated, dedicated environment for all dependencies.\n","href":"/blog/2020/03/16/appgate-sdp-on-arch-linux/","title":"AppGate SDP on Arch Linux"},{"content":"","href":"/tags/linux/","title":"linux"},{"content":"","href":"/tags/vpn/","title":"vpn"},{"content":"test\n","href":"/page/search/","title":""},{"content":"","href":"/authors/","title":"Authors"},{"content":"","href":"/page/","title":"Pages"}]
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