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Dave Gallant
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@@ -103,9 +103,10 @@
<h2 id="what-is-home-manager">What is home-manager?<a href="#what-is-home-manager" class="hanchor" ariaLabel="Anchor">#</a></h2>
<p>Before understanding home-manager, it is worth briefly discussing what nix is. <a href="https://nixos.org/">nix</a> is a package manager that originally spawned from a <a href="https://edolstra.github.io/pubs/phd-thesis.pdf">PhD thesis</a>. Unlike other package managers, it uses symbolic links to keep track of the currently installed packages, keeping around the old ones in case you may want to rollback.</p>
<p>For example, I have used nix to install the package <a href="https://search.nixos.org/packages?channel=unstable&amp;show=bind&amp;from=0&amp;size=50&amp;sort=relevance&amp;type=packages&amp;query=bind">bind</a> which includes <code>dig</code>. You can see that it is available on multiple platforms. The absolute path of <code>dig</code> can be found by running:</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code class="language-console" data-lang="console"><span style="display:flex;"><span>$ ls -lh <span style="color:#66d9ef">$(</span>which dig<span style="color:#66d9ef">)</span>
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>lrwxr-xr-x 73 root 31 Dec 1969 /run/current-system/sw/bin/dig -&gt; /nix/store/0r4qdyprljd3dki57jn6c6a8dh2rbg9g-bind-9.16.16-dnsutils/bin/dig
</span></span></code></pre></div><p>Notice that there is a hash included in the file path? This is a nix store path and is computed by the nix package manager. This <a href="https://nixos.org/guides/nix-pills/nix-store-paths.html">nix pill</a> does a good job explaining how this hash is computed. All of the nix pills are worth a read, if you are interested in learning more about nix itself. However, using home-manager does not require extensive knowledge of nix.</p>
<pre><code class="language-console">$ ls -lh $(which dig)
lrwxr-xr-x 73 root 31 Dec 1969 /run/current-system/sw/bin/dig -&gt; /nix/store/0r4qdyprljd3dki57jn6c6a8dh2rbg9g-bind-9.16.16-dnsutils/bin/dig
</code></pre>
<p>Notice that there is a hash included in the file path? This is a nix store path and is computed by the nix package manager. This <a href="https://nixos.org/guides/nix-pills/nix-store-paths.html">nix pill</a> does a good job explaining how this hash is computed. All of the nix pills are worth a read, if you are interested in learning more about nix itself. However, using home-manager does not require extensive knowledge of nix.</p>
<p>Part of the nix ecosystem includes <a href="https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs">nixpkgs</a>. Many popular tools can be found already packaged in this repository. As you can see with these <a href="https://repology.org/repositories/statistics/total">stats</a>, there is a large number of existing packages that are being maintained by the community. Contributing a new package is easy, and anyone can do it!</p>
<p>home-manager leverages the nix package manager (and nixpkgs), as well the nix language so that you can declaratively define your system configuration. I store my <a href="https://github.com/davegallant/nix-config">nix-config</a> in git so that I can keep track of my packages and configurations, and retain a clean and informative git commit history so that I can understand what changed and why.</p>
<h2 id="setting-up-home-manager">Setting up home-manager<a href="#setting-up-home-manager" class="hanchor" ariaLabel="Anchor">#</a></h2>
@@ -113,119 +114,123 @@
<p>⚠️ If you run this on your main machine, make sure you backup your configuration files first. home-manager is pretty good about not overwriting existing configuration, but it is better to have a backup! Alternatively, you could test this out on a VM or cloud instance.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The first thing you should do is <a href="https://nixos.org/guides/install-nix.html">install nix</a>:</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code class="language-shell" data-lang="shell"><span style="display:flex;"><span>curl -L https://nixos.org/nix/install | sh
</span></span></code></pre></div><p>It&rsquo;s generally not a good idea to curl and execute files from the internet (without verifying integrity), so you might want to download the install script first and take a look before executing it!</p>
<pre><code class="language-shell">curl -L https://nixos.org/nix/install | sh
</code></pre>
<p>It&rsquo;s generally not a good idea to curl and execute files from the internet (without verifying integrity), so you might want to download the install script first and take a look before executing it!</p>
<p>Open up a new shell in your terminal and running <code>nix</code> <em>should</em> work. If not, run <code>. ~/.nix-profile/etc/profile.d/nix.sh</code></p>
<p>Now, <a href="https://github.com/nix-community/home-manager#installation">install home-manager</a>:</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code class="language-shell" data-lang="shell"><span style="display:flex;"><span>nix-channel --add https://github.com/nix-community/home-manager/archive/master.tar.gz home-manager
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>nix-channel --update
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>nix-shell <span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;&lt;home-manager&gt;&#39;</span> -A install
</span></span></code></pre></div><p>You should see a wave of <code>/nix/store/*</code> paths being displayed on your screen.</p>
<pre><code class="language-shell">nix-channel --add https://github.com/nix-community/home-manager/archive/master.tar.gz home-manager
nix-channel --update
nix-shell '&lt;home-manager&gt;' -A install
</code></pre>
<p>You should see a wave of <code>/nix/store/*</code> paths being displayed on your screen.</p>
<p>Now, to start off with a basic configuration, open up <code>~/.config/nixpkgs/home.nix</code> in the editor of your choice and paste this in (you will want to change <code>userName</code> and <code>homeDirectory</code>):</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code class="language-nix" data-lang="nix"><span style="display:flex;"><span>{ config<span style="color:#f92672">,</span> pkgs<span style="color:#f92672">,</span> <span style="color:#f92672">...</span> }:
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>{
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> programs<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>home-manager<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>enable <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">true</span>;
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> home <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> {
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> username <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;dave&#34;</span>;
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> homeDirectory <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;/home/dave&#34;</span>;
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> stateVersion <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;21.11&#34;</span>;
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> packages <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">with</span> pkgs; [
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> bind
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> exa
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> fd
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> ripgrep
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> ];
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> };
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> programs <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> {
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> git <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> {
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> enable <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">true</span>;
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> aliases <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> {
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> aa <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;add -A .&#34;</span>;
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> br <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;branch&#34;</span>;
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> c <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;commit -S&#34;</span>;
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> ca <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;commit -S --amend&#34;</span>;
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> cb <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;checkout -b&#34;</span>;
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> co <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;checkout&#34;</span>;
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> d <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;diff&#34;</span>;
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> l <span style="color:#f92672">=</span>
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;log --graph --pretty=format:&#39;%Cred%h%Creset -%C(yellow)%d%Creset %s %Cgreen(%cr) %C(bold blue)&lt;%an&gt;%Creset&#39; --abbrev-commit&#34;</span>;
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> };
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> delta <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> {
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> enable <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">true</span>;
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> options <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> {
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> features <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;line-numbers decorations&#34;</span>;
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> whitespace-error-style <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;22 reverse&#34;</span>;
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> plus-style <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;green bold ul &#39;#198214&#39;&#34;</span>;
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> decorations <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> {
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> commit-decoration-style <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;bold yellow box ul&#34;</span>;
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> file-style <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;bold yellow ul&#34;</span>;
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> file-decoration-style <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;none&#34;</span>;
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> };
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> };
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> };
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> extraConfig <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> {
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> push <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> { default <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;current&#34;</span>; };
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> pull <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> { rebase <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">true</span>; };
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> };
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> };
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> starship <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> {
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> enable <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">true</span>;
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> enableZshIntegration <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">true</span>;
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> settings <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> {
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> add_newline <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">false</span>;
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> scan_timeout <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#ae81ff">10</span>;
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> };
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> };
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> zsh <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> {
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> enable <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">true</span>;
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> enableAutosuggestions <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">true</span>;
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> enableSyntaxHighlighting <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">true</span>;
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> history<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>size <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#ae81ff">1000000</span>;
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> localVariables <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> {
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> CASE_SENSITIVE <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;true&#34;</span>;
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> DISABLE_UNTRACKED_FILES_DIRTY <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;true&#34;</span>;
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> RPROMPT <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;&#34;</span>; <span style="color:#75715e"># override because macOS defaults to filepath</span>
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> ZSH_AUTOSUGGEST_HIGHLIGHT_STYLE <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;fg=#838383,underline&#34;</span>;
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> ZSH_DISABLE_COMPFIX <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;true&#34;</span>;
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> };
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> initExtra <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;&#39;
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#e6db74"> export PAGER=less
</span></span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#e6db74"> &#39;&#39;</span>;
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> shellAliases <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> {
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;..&#34;</span> <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;cd ..&#34;</span>;
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> grep <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;rg --smart-case&#34;</span>;
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> ls <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;exa -la --git&#34;</span>;
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> };
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;oh-my-zsh&#34;</span> <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> {
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> enable <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#66d9ef">true</span>;
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> plugins <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> [
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;gitfast&#34;</span>
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;last-working-dir&#34;</span>
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> ];
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> };
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> };
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> };
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>}
</span></span></code></pre></div><p>Save the file and run:</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code class="language-fallback" data-lang="fallback"><span style="display:flex;"><span>home-manager switch
</span></span></code></pre></div><p>You should see another wave of <code>/nix/store/*</code> paths. The new configuration should now be active.</p>
<pre><code class="language-nix">{ config, pkgs, ... }:
{
programs.home-manager.enable = true;
home = {
username = &quot;dave&quot;;
homeDirectory = &quot;/home/dave&quot;;
stateVersion = &quot;21.11&quot;;
packages = with pkgs; [
bind
exa
fd
ripgrep
];
};
programs = {
git = {
enable = true;
aliases = {
aa = &quot;add -A .&quot;;
br = &quot;branch&quot;;
c = &quot;commit -S&quot;;
ca = &quot;commit -S --amend&quot;;
cb = &quot;checkout -b&quot;;
co = &quot;checkout&quot;;
d = &quot;diff&quot;;
l =
&quot;log --graph --pretty=format:'%Cred%h%Creset -%C(yellow)%d%Creset %s %Cgreen(%cr) %C(bold blue)&lt;%an&gt;%Creset' --abbrev-commit&quot;;
};
delta = {
enable = true;
options = {
features = &quot;line-numbers decorations&quot;;
whitespace-error-style = &quot;22 reverse&quot;;
plus-style = &quot;green bold ul '#198214'&quot;;
decorations = {
commit-decoration-style = &quot;bold yellow box ul&quot;;
file-style = &quot;bold yellow ul&quot;;
file-decoration-style = &quot;none&quot;;
};
};
};
extraConfig = {
push = { default = &quot;current&quot;; };
pull = { rebase = true; };
};
};
starship = {
enable = true;
enableZshIntegration = true;
settings = {
add_newline = false;
scan_timeout = 10;
};
};
zsh = {
enable = true;
enableAutosuggestions = true;
enableSyntaxHighlighting = true;
history.size = 1000000;
localVariables = {
CASE_SENSITIVE = &quot;true&quot;;
DISABLE_UNTRACKED_FILES_DIRTY = &quot;true&quot;;
RPROMPT = &quot;&quot;; # override because macOS defaults to filepath
ZSH_AUTOSUGGEST_HIGHLIGHT_STYLE = &quot;fg=#838383,underline&quot;;
ZSH_DISABLE_COMPFIX = &quot;true&quot;;
};
initExtra = ''
export PAGER=less
'';
shellAliases = {
&quot;..&quot; = &quot;cd ..&quot;;
grep = &quot;rg --smart-case&quot;;
ls = &quot;exa -la --git&quot;;
};
&quot;oh-my-zsh&quot; = {
enable = true;
plugins = [
&quot;gitfast&quot;
&quot;last-working-dir&quot;
];
};
};
};
}
</code></pre>
<p>Save the file and run:</p>
<pre><code>home-manager switch
</code></pre>
<p>You should see another wave of <code>/nix/store/*</code> paths. The new configuration should now be active.</p>
<p>If you run <code>zsh</code>, you should see that you have <a href="https://starship.rs/">starship</a> and access to several other utils such as <code>rg</code>, <code>fd</code>, and <code>exa</code>.</p>
<p>This basic configuration above is also defining your <code>~/.config/git/config</code> and <code>.zshrc</code>. If you already have either of these files, home-manager will complain about them already existing.</p>
<p>If you run <code>cat ~/.zshrc</code>, you will see the way these configuration files are generated.</p>